English

 TEST N1

Read the text and answer the questions choosing the right answer.

Line number

1. It was previously believed that dinosaurs were cold-blooded creatures, like

2. reptiles. However, a recent discovery has led researchers to believe they may

3. have been warm-blooded. The fossilized remains of a 66 million-year-old

4. dinosaur’s heart were discovered and examined by x-ray. The basis for the

5. analysis that they were warm-blooded is the number of chambers in the heart as

6. well as the existence of a single aorta.

7. Most reptiles have three chambers in their hearts, although some do have

8. four. But those that have four chambers, such as the crocodile, have two arteries

9. to mix the oxygen-heavy blood with oxygen-lean blood. Reptiles are cold-

10. blooded, meaning that they are dependent on the environment for body heat. Yet

11. the fossilized heart had four chambers in the heart as well as a single aorta. The

12. single aorta means that the oxygen-rich blood was completely separated from

13. the oxygen-poor blood and sent through the aorta to all parts of the body.

14. Mammals, on the other hand, are warm blooded, meaning that they generate

15. their own body heat and are thus more tolerant of temperature extremes. Birds

16. and mammals, because they are warm blooded, move more quickly and have

17. greater physical endurance than reptiles.

18. Scientists believe that the evidence now points to the idea that all dinosaurs

19. were actually warm-blooded. Ironically, the particular dinosaur in which the

20. discovery was made was a Tescelosaurus, which translates to “marvelous

21. lizard”. A lizard, of course, is a reptile.

The word they in line 2 refers to

a) researchers

b) discoveries

c) reptiles

d) dinosaurs

According to the author, what theory was previously held and now is being questioned?

a) That dinosaurs were warm-blooded

b) That dinosaurs had four-chambered hearts

c) That dinosaurs were swifter and stronger than reptiles

d) That dinosaurs were cold-blooded

The author implies that reptiles

a) have four-chambered hearts.

b) have one aorta

c) are cold-blooded

d) are faster and have more endurance than mammals.

The word generate in paragraph three is closest in meaning to

a) produce

b) lose

c) use

d) tolerate

The author implies that birds

a) move faster and have greater endurance than reptiles.

b) move slower and have less endurance than reptiles.

c) move faster and have greater endurance than dinosaurs.

d) move slower and have less endurance than dinosaurs.

Choose the right option.

Before Wikipedia, encyclopedias (6)_____ by paid experts, and so the reader had no control over the content. Wikipedia has changed all that, as anyone (7)_____ to edit and add content. Its founders insist that, on the whole, the information on the site is no less accurate than in more traditional encyclopedias. Despite this, some experts (8)____ the site for its inaccuracies. However, they essentially (9)_____ the problem. Most people have little idea how many inaccuracies there are in traditional printed encyclopedias.

6

a) are written

b) were writing

c) had written

d) were written

7

a) should

b) can

c) is allowed

d) could

8

a) had criticized

b) have criticized

c) are criticized

d) will criticize

9

a) will exaggerate

b) are exaggerated

c) had exaggerated

d) exaggerate

The custom of having candles on birthday cakes (10)_____ back to the ancient Greeks. Worshippers of Artemis, the goddess of the moon and hunting, (11)_____ place honey cakes on the altars of her temples on her birthday. The cakes were round like the full moon and lit with candles. This custom next (12)_____ in the Middle Ages when German peasants lit candles on birthday cakes. The number of the lit candles (13)_____ the person’s age and there was an extra one to represent the light of life.

10

a) goes

b) has gone

c) is going

d) had gone

11

a) can

b) were to

c) may

d) shouldn’t

12

a) recorded

b) was recording

c) was recorded

d) had been recorded

13

a) indicated

b) indicates

c) has indicated

d) was indicated

Fill in the blanks with the word form that best fits each space.

A study into children's television viewing habits reveals that children whose parents have a high level of (18) _________ tend to watch less television than children from less educated family backgrounds. The report also suggests that a high rate of TV watching amongst children in poorer suburban areas and in the provinces, compared to those living in large urban centres, is often due to poverty and a lack of other kinds of (19)_________in the area. Discos, cinema, theatre and sports (20) _________ offer children in urban centres a wider range of pastimes, which leads to far fewer hours being spent in front of the box. Commercials, comedies and adventure films are children's (21)_________programmes, while twenty per cent of children said they preferred (22)_________ films and thrillers.

18

a) education

b) educational

c) educate

d) educated

19

a) entertain

b) entertainment

c) entertainer

d) entertained

20

a) active

b) activities

c) activism

d) activist

21

a) favour

b) favorable

c) favorably

d) favourite

22

a) violence

b) violently

c) violent

d) violator

Choose the appropriate option.

The house sparrow, __________ in NY city, was first seen in the city in 1850.

a) now a common bird

b) bird in common

c) a bird now in common

d) which a common bird

The accordion, a musical instrument, consisting of a rectangular bellows expanded and contracted __________, is frequently used in folk music.

a) the hands that between them

b) them between the hands

c) by between the hands

d) between the hands

Not until a frog develops lungs __________ the water and lives on the land.

a) that it leaves

b) it leaves

c) leaves it

d) does it leave

“What’s wrong with your car?”

“The rear mirror needs __________.”

a) to replace

b) replacing

c) replaced by

d) replace

“How do you like my article ?”

“The more I read it __________ I get in it.”

a) the more interesting

b) the more interested

c) more interested

d) more interesting

“What a nice photograph! I like it so much!”

“So do I. Tomorrow I am going __________ .”

a) to have enlarged

b) to have it enlarge

c) to make it enlarged

d) to have it enlarged

“Why don’t you throw these apples away? Can’t you see they have __________?”

a) gone badly

b) gone bad

c) come worse

d) got better

“What’s the problem with all these houses?”

“None of them _________balcony.”

a) has a

b) have the

c) has no

d) haven’t any

“When_________ _____ meet Jack? ”

“When I was having a holiday in Capri last summer.”

a) did you at first

b) were you first

c) did you first of all

d) did you first

“Oh! You have got many letters today.”

“That’s surprising. I don’t usually get ______________.”

a) much mail

b) many mail

c) a lot mails

d) many mail

Choose the correct option for direct/indirect speech.

The new headmaster asked how long it had been a mixed school.

a) The new headmaster told, “How long has it been a mixed school?”

b) The new headmaster asked, “How long has it been a mixed school?”

c) The new headmaster asked, “How long it had been a mixed school?”

d) The new headmaster asked, “Had it been a mixed school long?”

“Do your parents know you are leaving the day after tomorrow?”asked Aunt Amanda.

a) Aunt Amanda asked did my parents know I was leaving two days later.

b) Aunt Amanda asked whether my parents know I was leaving the day after tomorrow.

c) Aunt Amanda wondered if my parents knew I was leaving in two days later.

d) Aunt Amanda wondered if my parents knew I was leaving in two days’ time.

“Who did you give the money to?” she said to me.

a) She asked to me who had I given the money to.

b) She asked me who I had given the money to.

c) She said to me who had given the money to.

d) She said to me who I gave the money.

Fill in each gap with an appropriate word from the list below (two of the words given are odd).

The giant panda is already on the endangered __7___. The __2___ of pandas in the world has been falling for decades. There are several reasons for this. One is that many of the panda’s forests have gone. They have been cut down to make towns and cities. Another is the fact that the animal __3___ very slowly and has few cubs (baby pandas). The panda is now facing another big threat to its survival  a __6___ of food. A new report shows that bamboo, the panda’s main food, is disappearing because of climate change. Bamboo is pretty much the only food the panda eats. Ninety-nine per cent of its diet is bamboo. An adult panda needs around 38 kilograms of bamboo every day. The study __1___ that nearly all the bamboo in China’s Qinling Mountains could disappear by the end of this century because of global warming.

1.predicts 2.number 3.breeds 4.sum 5.shortcoming 6.shortage 7.list

A Test on English Proverbs

Below are sentences that are the paraphrasing of proverbs.

In each case, encircle the proverb that matches with the paraphrasing best :( 2 marks for each item)

Usually people of the same type tend to be together.

(a) A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush.

(b) Birds of a feather flock together.

(c) Every bird likes his own nest best.

(d) Eagles catch no flies.

Sometimes things are not as valuable as they appear to be.

(a) All that glitters is not gold.

(b) Liberty is better than gold.

(c) Today gold, tomorrow dust.

(d) Where gold speaks every tongue is silent.

You must always try not to plan the successful results of something

until those results actually occur.

(a) Divide and rule.

(b) Life is not a bed of roses.

(c) Good finds good.

(d) Don’t count your chickens before they are hatched.

One should take care of one’s own family, friends, or fellow citizens before helping other people.

(a) You reap what you sow.

(b) Nothing hurts like the truth.

(c) Charity begins at home.

(d) It takes two to tango.

Don’t form an opinion about something based on appearance alone.

(a) We soon believe what we desire.

(b) Don’t judge a book by its cover.

(c) Seeing is believing.

(d) Two wrongs don’t make a right.

When there is evidence of a problem, then there probably is a

problem.

(a) Where there is smoke, there is fire.

(b) A burnt child dreads the fire.

(c) Of two evils choose the least.

(d) Out of the frying pan, into the fire.

People in general think that nothing can be accomplished without

effort.

(a) Look before you leap.

(b) No man can serve two masters.

(c) No pain, no gain.

(d) To run one’s head against a stone wall.

When you hurry too much, you are likely to do a poor job, and you

may waste time doing it over.

(a) It is hard to please all parties.

(b) Necessity knows no law.

(c) Misfortunes never come alone.

(d) Haste makes waste.

When a group of people with the same goals work together, they can accomplish more than individuals can do.

(a) Misery loves company.

(b) Too many cooks spoil the broth.

(c) In unity there is strength.

(d) Two’s company, but three’s a crowd.

10.It’s better not to try to improve something that is already satisfactory.

(a) Make hay while the sun shines.

(b) Leave well enough alone.

(c) Strike while the iron is hot.

(d) Don’t cry over split milk.

Sport and Games

People all over the world are very fond of sports and games. That is one thing in which people of every nationality and class are united.

The most popular outdoor winter sports are shooting, hunting, hockey and in the countries where the weather is frosty and there is much snow-skating, skiing and tobogganing. Some people greatly enjoy figure-skating and ski-jumping.

Summer affords excellent opportunities for swimming, boating, yachting, cycling, gliding and many other sports. Among outdoor games football takes the first place in public interest. This game is played in all the countries of the world. The other favourite games in different countries are golf, tennis, cricket, volleyball, basketball and so on. Badminton is also very popular.

All the year round many people indulge in boxing, wrestling, athletics, gymnastics and track and field events. A lot of girls and women go in for callisthenics.

Among indoor games the most popular are billiards, table tennis, draughts and some others, but the great international game is chess of course. The results of chess tournaments are studied and discussed by thousands of enthusiasts in different countries.

So we may say that sport is one of the things that makes all people kin.

About Myself

My name is Erik. I’m 15 years old. I’m at 11-th grade.I live in Yerevan.I have many friends. We spend a lot of time together. We play football, volleyball, basketball. In summer we like swimming in river and lakes.Besides school, I go in for sports. I play Football(Soccer). It’s exciting game, and I like it very much. Sometimes I take part in different tennis competition.Soon I will graduate a school and I have to choose a profession. However, I have many interests and hobbies, for example, sports, travelling, music, so it’s not so easy to choose an occupation. My parents want me to be a computer programmer.But I’m not sure because I’m not very good in mathematics. I like computer games, I like to surf the Net, to communicate with people in different social nets and forums.I dream to visit all countries throughout the world and to see all sightseeings and great places. I hope my dreams will come true!

William Saroyan

William Saroyan (August 31, 1908 – May 18, 1981) was an Armenian-American dramatist and author. He was awarded the Pulitzer Prize for Drama in 1940, and in 1943 won the Academy Award for Best Story for the film adaptation of his novel The Human Comedy. The setting of many of his stories and plays is his native Fresno, the center of Armenian immigrant life in California. Some of his best-known works are The Time of Your Life, My Name Is Aram and My Heart's in the Highlands.
William Saroyan was born on August 31, 1908 in Fresno, California to Armenak and Takoohi Saroyan, Armenian immigrants from Bitlis, Ottoman Empire. His father came to New York in 1905 and started preaching in Armenian Apostolic churches.[2]
At the age of three, after his father's death, Saroyan, along with his brother and sister, was placed in an orphanage in Oakland, California. He later went on to describe his experience in the orphanage in his writings. Five years later, the family reunited in Fresno, where his mother, Takoohi, had already secured work at a cannery. He continued his education on his own, supporting himself with jobs, such as working as an office manager for the San Francisco Telegraph Company.
Saroyan decided to become a writer after his mother showed him some of his father's writings. A few of his early short articles were published in Overland Monthly. His first stories appeared in the 1930s. Among these was "The Broken Wheel", written under the name Sirak Goryan and published in the Armenian journal Hairenik in 1933. Many of Saroyan's stories were based on his childhood experiences among the Armenian-American fruit growers of the San Joaquin Valley or dealt with the rootlessness of the immigrant. The short story collection My Name is Aram (1940), an international bestseller, was about a young boy and the colorful characters of his immigrant family. It has been translated into many languages.